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1.
One of the major capacity boosters for 5G networks is the deployment of ultra-dense heterogeneous networks (UDHNs). However, this deployment results in a tremendous increase in the energy consumption of the network due to the large number of base stations (BSs) involved. In addition to enhanced capacity, 5G networks must also be energy efficient for it to be economically viable and environmentally friendly. Dynamic cell switching is a very common way of reducing the total energy consumption of the network, but most of the proposed methods are computationally demanding, which makes them unsuitable for application in ultra-dense network deployment with massive number of BSs. To tackle this problem, we propose a lightweight cell switching scheme also known as Threshold-based Hybrid cEll swItching Scheme (THESIS) for energy optimization in UDHNs. The developed approach combines the benefits of clustering and exhaustive search (ES) algorithm to produce a solution whose optimality is close to that of the ES (which is guaranteed to be optimal), but is computationally more efficient than ES and as such can be applied for cell switching in real networks even when their dimension is large. The performance evaluation shows that THESIS significantly reduces the energy consumption of the UDHN and can reduce the complexity of finding a near-optimal solution from exponential to polynomial complexity. 相似文献
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Given a graph sequence denote by T3(Gn) the number of monochromatic triangles in a uniformly random coloring of the vertices of Gn with colors. In this paper we prove a central limit theorem (CLT) for T3(Gn) with explicit error rates, using a quantitative version of the martingale CLT. We then relate this error term to the well-known fourth-moment phenomenon, which, interestingly, holds only when the number of colors satisfies . We also show that the convergence of the fourth moment is necessary to obtain a Gaussian limit for any , which, together with the above result, implies that the fourth-moment condition characterizes the limiting normal distribution of T3(Gn), whenever . Finally, to illustrate the promise of our approach, we include an alternative proof of the CLT for the number of monochromatic edges, which provides quantitative rates for the results obtained in [7]. 相似文献
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In this paper, we study the Holder regularity of weak solutions to the Dirichlet problem associated with the regional fractional Laplacian (-△)αΩ on a bounded open set Ω ■R(N ≥ 2) with C(1,1) boundary ■Ω. We prove that when f ∈ Lp(Ω), and g ∈ C(Ω), the following problem (-△)αΩu = f in Ω, u = g on ■Ω, admits a unique weak solution u ∈ W(α,2)(Ω) ∩ C(Ω),where p >N/2-2α and 1/2< α < 1. To solve this problem, we consider it into two special cases, i.e.,g ≡ 0 on ■Ω and f ≡ 0 in Ω. Finally, taking into account the preceding two cases, the general conclusion is drawn. 相似文献
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针对土壤定量分析受基体效应影响大,LIBS定量分析精度不佳等问题,采用粒子群算法对LSSVM进行优化,提高模型的精确度。选取Pb Ⅰ 405.78 nm和Cr Ⅰ 425.44 nm作为分析谱线进行分析。采集十二个不同浓度样品的特征光谱,每个浓度样品在不同点采集20组数据,将其中17组数据设为训练集,3组数据设为预测集,用LSSVM和PSO-LSSVM两种方法建立定标模型。对比两种模型的拟合相关系数(R2)、训练集均方根误差(RMSEC)和预测集均方根误差(RMSEP)。由于自吸收效应的影响,随着浓度的增加,预测值逐渐低于实际值,LSSVM定标模型的拟合程度较低,无法达到实验要求,模型性能有待提高。利用粒子群算法对LSSVM的模型参数惩罚系数和核函数参数进行优化,得到最佳的参数组合,Pb元素为(8 096.8, 138.865 7),Cr元素为(4 908.6, 393.563 5),用最佳的参数组合构建LSSVM的定标模型。相比于LSSVM,PSO-LSSVM定标模型的精确度更高,Pb和Cr元素的R2提高到了0.982 8和0.985 0,拟合效果明显提升。Pb和Cr元素的训练集均方根误差由0.026 0 Wt%和0.027 2 Wt%下降到0.022 4 Wt%和0.019 1 Wt%,预测集均方根误差由0.101 8 Wt%和0.078 8 Wt% 下降到0.045 8 Wt%和0.042 0 Wt%,模型的稳定性进一步提高。说明PSO-LSSVM算法能够更好地降低土壤基体效应和自吸收效应带来的影响,提高分析结果的精确度与稳定性。 相似文献
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《Operations Research Letters》2021,49(6):855-861
This letter studies the problem of minimizing increasing set functions, equivalently, maximizing decreasing set functions, over the base matroid. This setting has received great interest, since it generalizes several applied problems including actuator and sensor placement problems in control, task allocation problems, video summarization, and many others. We study two greedy heuristics, namely, the forward and reverse greedy. We provide two novel performance guarantees for the approximate solutions obtained by them depending on both submodularity ratio and curvature. 相似文献
9.
《Operations Research Letters》2022,50(2):107-114
We investigate the value of an optimal transportation problem with the maximization objective as a function of costs and vectors of production and consumption. The value is concave in production. For generic costs, the numbers of linearity domains and peak points are independent of costs and consumption. The peak points are determined by an auxiliary assignment problem. The volumes of the linearity domains are independent of costs while their dependence on consumption can be expressed via the multinomial distribution. 相似文献
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